{"id":1007,"date":"2021-04-10T16:50:35","date_gmt":"2021-04-10T07:50:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/?p=1007"},"modified":"2021-04-10T16:51:41","modified_gmt":"2021-04-10T07:51:41","slug":"six-persistent-research-misconceptions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/?p=1007","title":{"rendered":"Six persistent research misconceptions"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Modern Epidemiology\uff0a\u306e\u8457\u8005\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001Rothman KJ\u306f2014\u5e74\u306b\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6301\u7d9a\u3059\u308b6\u3064\u306e\u8aa4\u89e3\u201d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08Rothman KJ: Six persistent research misconceptions. J Gen Intern Med 2014;29:1060-4. doi<\/a>: 10.1007\/s11606-013-2755-z PMID: 24452418<\/a>\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u305d\u308c\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u306b\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306f\u77ed\u3044\u307e\u3068\u3081\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3060\u3051\u3092\u8aad\u3080\u3068\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u8aa4\u89e3\u3092\u3059\u308b\u4eba\u304c\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u539f\u6587\u3092\u3058\u3063\u304f\u308a\u8aad\u3093\u3067\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304d\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u89e31. \u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306b\u306f\u968e\u5c64\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u5316\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a66\u9a13\u304c\u6700\u3082\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u3001\u6b21\u306b\u30b3\u30db\u30fc\u30c8\u7814\u7a76\u304c\u7d9a\u304d\u3001\u75c7\u4f8b\u5bfe\u7167\u7814\u7a76\u306f\u6700\u3082\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u3002<\/span><\/strong> <\/span>  <\/em>

\u6df1\u304f\u8003\u3048\u305a\u306b\u3001\u9ad8\u3044\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u968e\u5c64\u306b\u5e30\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306f\u9593\u9055\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002

\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u307f\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u3092\u5224\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u30c7\u30b6\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e0d\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u5316\u6bd4\u8f03\u8a66\u9a13\u3067\u3042\u3063\u3066\u3082\u3001\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u306e\u5927\u304d\u306a\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306f\u4f4e\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u7570\u8ad6\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

 \u8aa4\u89e32. \u7814\u7a76\u304b\u3089\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3092\u884c\u3046\u305f\u3081\u306b\u5fc5\u9808\u306e\u8981\u7d20\u306f\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5bfe\u8c61\u8005\u304c\u6a19\u7684\u96c6\u56e3\u306e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span>
<\/strong>
  <\/em>\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u4e00\u822c\u5316generalization\u3068\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u5916\u633fextrapolation\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u306f\u81ea\u7136\u73fe\u8c61\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u58f0\u660e\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002

\u300c\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u52d5\u7269\u5b9f\u9a13\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u7a2e\u3092\u7528\u3044\u3066\u3001\u8981\u56e0\u66dd\u9732\u3084\u6cbb\u7642\u306e\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u3068\u3089\u3048\u3084\u3059\u304f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002\u30d2\u30c8\u3092\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u3057\u305f\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3082\u3001\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u8a3c\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u8005\u304c\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3067\u3082\u3001\u5171\u5909\u91cf\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u305f\u3046\u3048\u3067\u7570\u306a\u308b\u96c6\u56e3\u306b\u4e00\u822c\u5316\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u500b\u4eba\u306b\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001\u4fa1\u5024\u89b3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8abf\u6574\u3082\u884c\u3063\u305f\u3046\u3048\u3067\u3001\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305d\u306e\u3055\u3044\u306b\u3001\u6570\u7406\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306f\u624b\u52a9\u3051\u3057\u3066\u304f\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u7d76\u5bfe\u7684\u306a\u57fa\u6e96\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u89e33. \u3082\u3057\u56de\u5e30\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u3001\uff12\u3064\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u7a4d\u304c\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u6709\u610f\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u56e0\u5b50\u306e\u9593\u306b\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/span><\/strong>

  <\/em>\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3068\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3002\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\uff12\u3064\u307e\u305f\u306f\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u304c\u540c\u3058\u30e1\u30ab\u30cb\u30ba\u30e0\u306b\u4f5c\u7528\u3057\u3001\u76f8\u4e92\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c\u3042\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\uff12\u3064\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u56e0\u5b50\u304c\u540c\u6642\u306b\u4f5c\u7528\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u3001\u500b\u5225\u306e\u4f5c\u7528\u306e\u5408\u8a08\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u306b\u306a\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3068\u3089\u3048\u3089\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3042\u308a\u3001\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u308b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3084\u6e2c\u5b9a\u5c3a\u5ea6\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u89e34. \u9023\u7d9a\u5909\u6570\u3092\u5206\u985e\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u3001\u5206\u985e\u306e\u30ab\u30c3\u30c8\u30dd\u30a4\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u5206\u5e03\u306e\uff14\u5206\u4f4d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\uff15\u5206\u4f4d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30c8\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5883\u754c\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u59a5\u5f53\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002
<\/span><\/strong>
  <\/em>\u3072\u3068\u3064\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u5883\u754c\u5024\u306f\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u610f\u7fa9\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5909\u5316\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u5024\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u3001\u4e8c\u3064\u76ee\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30d1\u30fc\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u5883\u754c\u5024\u306f\u7814\u7a76\u9593\u3067\u7570\u306a\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u3057\u3082\u59a5\u5f53\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002 <\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u89e35. \u5e38\u306b\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u6bd4\u8f03\u3067\u8abf\u6574\u3055\u308c\u305fP\u5024\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u3092\u5831\u544a\u3059\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span><\/strong>

  <\/em>\u591a\u91cd\u6bd4\u8f03\u306eType I error\u3092\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u306fType II error\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u3092\u4f34\u3044\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306f\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306b\u3001\u5dee\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u51fa\u3059\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u89e3\u6790\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u304c\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u306a\u5024\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u3088\u308a\u3082\u4f55\u3089\u304b\u306e\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u524d\u63d0\u306e\u5834\u5408\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3002\u6a5f\u68b0\u7684\u306b\u591a\u91cd\u6027\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u60c5\u5831\u304b\u3089\u4e8b\u524d\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u60f3\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u30d9\u30a4\u30b8\u30a2\u30f3\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3088\u308a\u9632\u5fa1\u7684\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002

\u300c\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u306a\u914d\u5217\u3092\u524d\u63d0\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u6bd4\u8f03\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306b\u59a5\u5f53\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304c\u3001\u6cbb\u7642\u52b9\u679c\u306b\u771f\u306b\u5dee\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001Type II error\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u3046\u308b\u304c\u3001Type I error\u306f\u8d77\u3053\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3002\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u6587\u8108\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u3001\u30d9\u30a4\u30b8\u30a2\u30f3\u30a2\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c1\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308c\u3070\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u307e\u3067\u306e\u4e8b\u524d\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4e8b\u524d\u5206\u5e03\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u91cd\u6bd4\u8f03\u306b\u3088\u308bType I error\u304c\u8d77\u304d\u306b\u304f\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8aa4\u89e36. \u6709\u610f\u5dee\u691c\u5b9a\u306f\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u89e3\u91c8\u306b\u6709\u7528\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span><\/strong>

  \u7406\u60f3\u7684\u306b\u306f\u52b9\u679c\u91cfeffect size\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u6b6a\u3081\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u3092\u5206\u6790\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002\u4ea4\u7d61\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u306a\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u306f\u5206\u6790\u7684\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u89e3\u6790\u306e\u5171\u5206\u6563\u306e\u8abf\u6574\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3067\u5bfe\u51e6\u3067\u304d\u3001\u6e2c\u5b9a\u904e\u8aa4\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u9078\u629e\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u306f\u611f\u5ea6\u5206\u6790\uff08\u30d0\u30a4\u30a2\u30b9\u5206\u6790\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\uff09\u3067\u5bfe\u51e6\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002P\u5024\u307e\u305f\u4fe1\u983c\u533a\u9593\u306b\u7121\u52b9\u679c\u306e\u5024\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u306e\u8aa4\u89e3\u3092\u62db\u304f\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff0a\u306a\u304a\u3001Modern Epidemiology\u306e\u7b2c3\u7248\u306f2018\u5e74\u306b\u51fa\u7248\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7b2c4\u7248\u304c2021\u5e74\u306b\u51fa\u7248\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff0a\uff0a\u300c\u300d\u5185\u306f\u6295\u7a3f\u8005\u306e\u610f\u898b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/span>

\u300c\u5168\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u5b66\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8aa4\u89e3\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u6df1\u304f\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306e\u8efd\u8996\u3001\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306a\u73fe\u8c61\u3084\u81e8\u5e8a\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u306e\u8efd\u8996\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u306b\u62d8\u675f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u67d4\u8edf\u306a\u601d\u8003\u306e\u55aa\u5931\u3001\u4eba\u306e\u4f53\u9a13\u306e\u5168\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u30ab\u30e0\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u52b9\u679c\u3092\u898b\u3066\u3044\u308b\u306b\u3059\u304e\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u8a8d\u8b58\u306e\u4f4e\u3055\u3001\u306a\u3069\u304c\u3053\u308c\u3089\u8aa4\u89e3\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3068\u601d\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u300d<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Modern Epidemiology\uff0a\u306e\u8457\u8005\u306e\u4e00\u4eba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001Rothman KJ\u306f2014\u5e74\u306b\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6301\u7d9a\u3059\u308b6\u3064\u306e\u8aa4\u89e3\u201d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u767a\u8868\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff08Rothman KJ: Six persistent … “Six persistent research misconceptions” \u306e<\/span>\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8,32],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1007","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-essay","category-statistics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1007"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1009,"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1007\/revisions\/1009"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1007"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1007"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/info.zanet.biz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1007"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}